Telecom

【The Signal #16】ソフトバンク、および日本のモノづくりベンチャー

<Blue Field Strategyニュースレターでの受信ご希望の方はこちらからサインアップしてください>

ご存知のとおり、ソフトバンクがARM買収を発表しました。この件についてコメントをよく求められるため、少々まとめてみます。

特にここがアメリカ人の通信業界人にとっては理解しづらい点だと思いますが、ソフトバンクは「通信キャリアを保有している投資会社」であって、「通信キャリアが投資をしている」のではありません。ですから、ソフトバンクとダイレクトに比較できる米国のキャリアは存在しません。ベライゾンがヤフーを買収しようとしているのとは、全く意味が異なります。そして、スプリントはソフトバンクの傘下にありますが、ソフトバンクと同じではありません。

ソフトバンクの投資家向け資料にある図は、この構造をわかりやすく表現しています。ここでは、プラットフォーム事業(「Operating Assets」)と破壊的事業(「Investment Assets」)にはっきりと分類しています。これは、まさに「ポートフォリオ・マネージャー」の視点です。



BCGの有名な「成長のマトリックス」でいえば、プラットフォーム事業(ソフトバンク・モバイルなど)は「キャッシュカウ」であり、そこで得たお金を破壊的事業という「スター、またはクエスチョンマーク」に投資し、当たり外れは大きいが当たれば(アリババのように)大儲けという仕組みですね。

では、ARMはどれに当たるでしょうか。売上が年率15%成長しており、健全なマージンがあり、そのままで「キャッシュカウ」としてしっかり稼いでくれそうです。また、ARMは非常に広範囲にわたる多数の顧客を持っており、既存のソフトバンクの事業と縦統合したり、ソフトバンク本体のために将来のプロダクト・ロードマップを変えるといったことをすれば、むしろ邪魔をすることになりそうです。このため、我々としては、ソフトバンクはARMを独立事業としてそのまま運営させるだろうと考えています。

ちなみに、スプリントはすでに大幅なテコ入れもなく「成り行きに任せる」経営のように見えますが、ターンアラウンドして高くして売ろうというつもりでなく、「キャッシュカウ」と思えばなるほど理解できます。しかし、無線通信キャリアには、必ず10年に一度「死の谷」が巡ってきます。次世代無線技術に対応するインフラ/周波数にアップグレードするためのまとまった設備投資の時期のことで、スプリントは「5Gに至る死の谷の時期」、2020年の少し前あたりが勝負になってくると思われます。

ところで、7月22日には、ジャパン・ソサエティとスタンフォード大アジア技術経営センターの共催による「Japan-US Innovation Awards」イベントが開催されました。ドロップボックスとメルカリが受賞したほか、いくつかの日本の技術ベンチャーも展示を行いました。ほとんどの出展者がなんらかの「モノづくり」に関わっているのが印象的でした。

海部

Friends,

So, like, SoftBank is buying ARM.  We’ve gotten a fair bit of questions about this and so will comment here.  

First and foremost, it can be helpful to think of SoftBank as an investment company that owns a telco, rather than a telco that makes investments.  This is a key point of differentiation. There is no carrier in the US market that allows for an apples-to-apples comparison with SoftBank. T-Mobile has similar spectrum; Verizon has bought AOL and Yahoo and Millennial Media; but SoftBank is SoftBank.  Sprint, while owned by SoftBank, is not like SoftBank.

SoftBank, in its guidance to investors on the acquisition (go here, accept the disclaimer, then read this deck), provides a deck that is worth reading. It clearly differentiates between its platform businesses (“operating assets”) and disruptive businesses (“investment assets”), as shown in the graphic here. Getting back to our point above, this is a portfolio manager perspective on businesses.

BCG’s 2x2 matrix (growth share matrix) on businesses, which segments businesses into cash cows, stars, question marks, and dogs, is another way to look at these.  Platform businesses (cash cows): businesses that provide cash flow and are distribution platforms (read: SoftBank Mobile); and disruptive businesses (stars or question marks) are businesses with prospective exponential growth (read: Alibaba).  As you might guess, disruptive, high growth businesses can turn into operational assets, and Yahoo Japan is an example of that within SoftBank’s portfolio.

So which is ARM?   ARM’s revenue (about $1.5B in 2015, with operating profit of $500M) grew 15% YoY in 2014 and 2015. Healthy growth and margin that could produce “yield” for other businesses.  (And certainly more yield than cash would get in Japan.)  

ARM also serves a vast and diverse set of customers.  Thus, vertical integration into SoftBank’s businesses, or altering its roadmap to favor SoftBank projects, could be counterproductive for the ARM business as a whole. Thus, it’s our view that SoftBank will support ARM’s operations as an independent company.

In other news, on Friday July 22 we attended the Japan-US Innovation Awards, presented by the Japan Society and Stanford’s Asia Technology Management Center.  In addition to award recipients Dropbox and Mercari, the event featured anexcellent group of showcase companies visiting from Japan: Spiber (photo of prototype jacket for North Face), which makes spider-inspired biomaterials; Axelspace, which makes micro-satellites; Preferred Networks, which applies deep learning techniques in fields like robotics and automotive; Xenoma, makers of e-skin; and Floadia, makers of non-volatile memory.  With the exception of Preferred Networks, all were hardware startups, broadly defined, and even Preferred serves a list of industrial customers such as Fanuc and Toyota.  

Hardware is alive and well, apparently.

Onward!

- Team Blue Field

Japan Telecom Recovery - KDDI recovery status, 3/21

As Light Reading says KDDI is not saying anything (in English, probably), here is my translation from their Japanese press release as of 3/21. <au mobile>

No service restrictions are in place

There are non-working cell sites in the following prefectures: Aomori, Iwate, Akita, Miyagi, Fukushima, Yamagata, Niigata, Ibaragi, Tochigi, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, Kanagawa

As of 3/18, non-working cell sites number is down to 620.  (Source:  @KDDIPR Twitter)

Mobile cell sites are deployed in the following locations:

  • Ofunato City Hall (Ofunato, Iwate)
  • Otsuchi High School (Otsuchi, Iwate)
  • Yamada High School (Yamada, Iwate)
  • Sun Village Takada (Rikuzen-Takada, Iwate)
  • Sizugawa Junior High School (Minami-Sanriku, Miyagi)
  • Onagawa Sports Park (Kesennuma, Miyagi)
  • In addition to those, 20 mobile power charger vehicle are deployed in various locations.

<Fixed Lines>

No service restrictions are in place.

Some services are not available in some parts of the affacted area due to physical damage to the circuits:

  • Fixed and Internet Service such as au one net, IP−VPN, WVS, Ether−VPN
  • au Hikari, Hikari Direct in parts of Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures
  • Metal Plus in parts of Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures

<International>

Some international circuits are down, but it is probably not because of the Tohoku earthquake, but is  due to a separate earthquake in Taiwan.

  • International Dedicated Lines to Australia and the U.S.
  • International IP-VPN to Australia and the U.S.
  • International value-added service:  Alasca, Bermuda, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Puerto Rico, the U.S., US Virgin Islands, Venezuela

<Emergency deployment>

Following phones are in place to support emergency workers

au mobile phones:  727

Satellite phones (Iridium and Inmarsat) :  38

Others:  Portable power generators, cell phone cahrgers, power source cable tap etc.

Source:  KDDI Press Release, 3/21

Michi

Japan Telecom Recovery - Light Reading reports about NTT, 3/18

A week after the earthquake and tsunami struck northeast Japan, NTT Group (NYSE: NTT) is still battling to restore domestic fixed and mobile lines to its customers in the affected areas.

via www.lightreading.com

NTT seems to have informed to foreign press about their damage and recovery. Softbank is lightly mentioned, and KDDI apparently has not informed them in English. Please do so quickly, KDDI!!

Michi

Japan Telecom Recovery - NTT's emergency vehicle lineup, 3/20

As a mother of 2 young boys, I have seen so many "work vehicles" videos with them, and I have realized how much that experience influenced my mind these days.  Every time big vehicles like "Hyper Rescue Special Fire Truck" come out, I cannot help but get excited. So here is a little share of "big work vehicles" in telecom industry.

NTT Public Relations was kind enough to share photos of the emergency vehicles, utilized by NTT East (local carrier) and NTT DoCoMo after the earthquake.

<DoCoMo Mobile Cell Site>

Mobile cell site 1

Mobile cell site 2

<NTT Mobile power source>

Power Source

<NTT Satellite Public Phone>

Satellite public phone

Japan Telecom Recovery - ITU deploys Satellite phones, 3/16

Not only DoCoMo and KDDI, but also ITU is bringing in more satellite phones to Northern Japan. Geneva, 16 March 2011 — ITU has dispatched emergency telecommunications equipment to areas severely affected by the tsunami that struck the coastal areas of Japan following Friday’s devastating earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale.

ITU has deployed 78 Thuraya satellite phones equipped with GPS to facilitate search and rescue efforts along with 13 Iridium satellite phones as well as 37 Inmarsat Broadband Global Area Network terminals. An additional 30 Inmarsat terminals are also ready for dispatch. The equipment can be charged by car batteries and are also supplied with solar panels to enable operations during power outages....(see below for full text)

Source:  ITU Newsroom 3/16

Michi

Japan Telecom Recovery - Mobile bill relief status, 3/15

Cable channel "TV Japan" has been broadcasting the disaster news 24 hours now, and it just reported that the victim toll (death+missing) surpassed 10,000, worst since WWII.  Nuclear reactors in Fukushima are still out of control, new quakes continue, and panicking people are buying up food, resulting the shortage at stores.  Crisis still continues. In the meantime, telecom carriers in Japan are giving relief of payments for their subscribers.

Source:  WirelessWire News, 3/15

KDDI

  • Extend au mobile March bill due date for 1 month for the residents of the affected area and the ones who are paying at counter.
  • For the same users as above, cell phone repair charge at au store is discounted.

Softbank Mobile

  • Extend Softbank Feb/Mar bill due date for 1 month for the residents of the affected area and the ones who are paying at counter.
  • For the same users as above, cell phone repair charge at Softbank store is discounted.
  • For a week after 3/11, all mobile e-mails and SMS will be free for all Softbank users.

Wilcom and E-Mobile also provide the similar bill payment relief for subscribers.

Michi